7.62 vs 5.56: The Ultimate Caliber Comparison
7.62 vs 5.56: A Comparison of Calibers
Are you someone who enjoys shooting and firearms, whether you are casually going to the range or training in everything from close quarters to long range? If so, then you know how important it is to have the right information when choosing the right caliber for your firearm, whether that be a rifle or pistol or whatever else. Two of the most popular calibers, for rifles specifically, are 7.62 and 5.56, commonly associated with the AK and AR platforms, both with their own pros and cons. Let’s take a dive, deep into the history and evolution of these two extremely popular calibers, comparing their ballistics, examining ammo availability, discussing which one has a higher recoil, and finally exploring which one is better for self-defense, range training, you name it.
So if you're in the market for a new firearm or just want to learn more about these two calibers and which to add to your wish list, keep reading!
The History and Evolution of the 7.62 Caliber
A modern and classic version of the AK-47 rifle, chambered in 7.62. Image courtesy of Instagram (@akoperatorsunionlocal4774)
The 7.62 caliber has a remarkable history, with its origins tracing back to its use in the Vietnam War. It gained prominence as the cartridge of choice for AK-style rifles, including the SKS, which further solidified its place in firearms history. Renowned for its stopping power and effectiveness on the battlefield, the 7.62 caliber has stood the test of time, still widely used today, especially i=n machine guns.
7.62 ammunition is definitely a threat to whoever is on the receiving end, even if they are wearing body armor.
One of the good reasons behind the enduring popularity of the 7.62 caliber is its excellent terminal ballistics. This makes it a favorite among hunters, as it offers reliable performance when taking down game. The United States military has also recognized its combat effectiveness, as evidenced by its continued utilization in various capacities. The 7.62x39 caliber can even be used for hunting medium-sized game such as deer and feral hogs. With the availability of hollow point and soft point ammo in 7.62x39, hunters can rely on the appropriate terminal ballistics provided by these rounds to claim game humanely.
When comparing the 7.62 caliber to other cartridges, there are distinct advantages that set it apart. The 7.62 caliber's larger bullet diameter and increased weight result in a noticeable difference in its impact on targets. Its stopping power is particularly valuable in situations where neutralizing threats is crucial.
In summary, the 7.62 caliber has a rich history that dates back to its use in the Vietnam War. It has remained a popular choice due to its stopping power, terminal ballistics, and effectiveness on the battlefield. Whether in machine guns or hunting rifles, the 7.62 caliber continues to showcase its combat effectiveness and remains an iconic cartridge in firearms history.
The Rise of 5.56 NATO Caliber
The AR-15 rifles, chambered in 5.56. Image courtesy of Instagram (@garand_thumb)
The 5.56 caliber rose to prominence after it was developed by NATO for the infamous M16 rifle. This cartridge offers a lighter weight and reduced recoil compared to the 7.62 caliber. These factors contributed to the increasing popularity of the 5.56 caliber, especially among military and law enforcement agencies. Its controllable recoil and high velocity make it highly effective in combat situations.
The 5.56 caliber gained recognition for its combat effectiveness, making it a preferred choice for many. Paired with the vast majority of America’s favorite rifle — the AR-15 — the 5.56 caliber has become one of the most popular rounds in the nation. Additionally, the 223 Remington/5.56 NATO has always been considered a varmint round and is extremely effective on small game like groundhogs, prairie dogs, coyotes, and foxes.
With a focus on combat, the 5.56 caliber is commonly used by military forces around the world, as the 5.56 caliber has found favor among law enforcement agencies due to its manageable recoil and high velocity, offering better control and accuracy. It also is lightweight, making it more comfortable for soldiers to carry around higher amounts of ammunition. Not to mention, it is one of the most popular calibers amongst civilians in the United States.
In terms of NLP terms, the rise of the 5.56 caliber can be attributed to its development by NATO for use in the M16, which is widely used by armed forces across North America. It’s a lighter bullet, meaning you can put more magazines in your chest rig and not be weighed down, and has reduced recoil make it an attractive choice for combat situations. The 5.56 caliber's effectiveness against bad guys has been proven and recognized by military and law enforcement agencies. The 5.56 caliber's effectiveness against bad guys has been proven and recognized by military and law enforcement agencies. Special Forces became fond of the caliber as it offered better terminal ballistics in the M4 carbines than what was observed with the SS109 NATO rounds. It’s worth mentioning, this caliber still sees action in some sniper rifles, designated marksman rifles, and machine guns within the U.S. military.
In conclusion, the rise of the 5.56 caliber can be attributed to its development for use in the M16 rifle, lighter weight, reduced recoil, and its combat effectiveness. It has become a preferred choice for military and law enforcement agencies due to its controllability and high velocity.
Comparing Ballistics: 7.62 vs 5.56
When comparing the ballistics of the 7.62 caliber and the 5.56 caliber, there is a noticeable difference in muzzle energy. The 7.62 caliber has a slightly higher muzzle energy than the 5.56, although not a huge difference. This means that the 7.62 caliber will deliver more force to the target compared to the 5.56 NATO. Several factors come into play when considering the performance of these calibers, including bullet weight, muzzle velocity, and trajectory. The 7.62 caliber is known for its better terminal ballistics and suitability for long-range shooting, while the 5.56 caliber offers a flatter trajectory and less bullet drop, making it advantageous for shooters prioritizing accuracy. Overall, the difference in muzzle energy between the two calibers may not be significant, but it does impact the force delivered to the target.
In combat scenarios, the 5.56 caliber is well-regarded for its manageable recoil even with higher rates of fire. Its lighter bullet allows for soldiers to carry more ammunition into the field.
Conversely, the 7.62 caliber provides more stopping power, making it ideal for situations where immediate incapacitation is crucial. Level III and Level IV armor plates are built to withstand and defeat rifle rounds, including those fired from full metal jacket 7.62 caliber weapons. By adding a ceramic face, polyethylene plates can be certified to Level IV and will stop steel core rounds, offering enhanced protection against the 7.62 caliber's higher stopping power.
At the time of writing, steel-cased 5.56 55gr FMJ ammo can be had for about $0.55/round while brass-cased is sitting around $0.60/round if you buy in bulk. That’s not as huge a difference as it used to be, thanks to the Biden Russian Ammo Ban instated in August 2021.
The decision between the two calibers ultimately depends on the specific requirements of the shooter or operator. For those engaged in long-range precision shooting or hunting large game, the 7.62 caliber, including bolt action rifles, such as the Ruger American Hunter or the CZ 527, is a popular choice due to its superior ballistics in battlefields like Vietnam, Iraq, and Afghanistan. Meanwhile, the 5.56 caliber finds favor among law enforcement and military personnel due to its accuracy and versatility in combat scenarios.
In conclusion, when comparing the ballistics of the 7.62 and 5.56 calibers, it becomes apparent that both have distinct advantages. The 7.62 caliber delivers greater stopping power and performs well at longer distances, while the 5.56 caliber offers improved accuracy and versatility in combat situations. Understanding these differences allows shooters to make an informed decision based on their specific needs. Additionally, the 7.62 rounds tend to hold their velocity just a tad better over greater distances, providing an added advantage for long-range engagements. It’s important to note that the 5.56 caliber typically achieves velocities of around 3,000 FPS (feet per second) out of the barrel, while the 7.62 caliber achieves velocities of around 2,500 or so.
Is it easier to buy 7.62 or 5.56 ammunition?
When it comes to ammo availability, the 5.56 caliber takes the lead. It is widely used in the civilian market and can be easily found. On the other hand, 7.62 ammunition may be more expensive and harder to come by compared to 5.56.
Is 7.62 or 5.56 More Accurate?
Image courtesy of Instagram (@corevisiontraining)
When comparing the accuracy of the 7.62 and 5.56 calibers, it's important to consider that the accuracy of a rifle depends on various factors beyond just the caliber itself. Factors such as the firearm used, the optic used, and the skill of the shooter play a significant role in determining accuracy.
That being said, both the 7.62 and 5.56 calibers can be highly accurate in the hands of a skilled shooter. However, there are some differences to note. The 5.56 caliber is known for offering better accuracy at longer distances due to its flatter trajectory and low recoil.
In terms of trajectory, the 5.56 NATO cartridge is undoubtedly the flatter shooting round. This means that the bullet remains on a more consistent path over longer ranges, increasing the likelihood of hitting the intended target. Inside a 500 yard effective range, which is long range for most shooters out there, there is little difference in terms of trajectory between the two (in a generic sense, I know that special rounds will vary).
On the other hand, the 7.62 caliber may have an advantage in terms of accuracy for certain applications, particularly in precision rifle shooting. The larger bullet size and weight of the 7.62 caliber can provide better stability and potentially more accuracy in certain scenarios.
Ultimately, it's important to remember that the accuracy of a rifle cartridge depends on multiple factors and personal preference. It's always advisable to test different calibers and ammunition types to find what works best for you and your specific shooting needs.
Recoil Comparison
The recoil of the 7.62 caliber assault rifle tends to be higher compared to the 5.56 caliber due to factors such as bullet weight and muzzle velocity. However, the recoil can also depend on the weight and design of the rifle. Proper training and technique can help manage the higher recoil of the 7.62 caliber.
Which caliber is better for self-defense: 7.62 or 5.56?
When it comes to self-defense and survival situations, both the 7.62 and 5.56 calibers have their strengths. The 7.62 offers greater stopping power for close-quarters encounters, while the 5.56 provides better maneuverability for home defense scenarios.
Realistically though, these calibers run the risk of over penetration, especially in a home defense situation where many modern homes are made of drywall. You risk going through your target and striking someone or something else.
Ultimately, the choice between the two should be based on individual needs and circumstances.
WHERE TO TRAIN
Aside from just picking a rifle in 5.56 or 7.62, training is crucial, it goes much deeper than standing and shooting. You need to see how you are when you are trying to clear a room with them on, get out and do some tactical training. When it comes to finding good tactical training, Core Vision Training offers a wide variety of tactical courses that will help you get used to your gear and maneuvering through different situations.
The best part is, they offer training in many different areas of the country. Core Vision offers some awesome LPVO training, as well as medical training to get you used to utilizing a first aid kit if you were to ever need one. Core Vision Training also offers some great close quarters courses. This can be extremely beneficial when it comes to defending your home, which hopefully you never have to do.
There also are multiple states that Core Vision Training is in, offering tactical training courses in:
Aside from Core Vision offering tactical training near you, it is also a team made up of great guys with various backgrounds, many in special forces. The team makes you feel comfortable with what you are doing, because they know that for many people it is their first time being exposed to this type of training. The guys take their time to explain everything and make sure that you are the best that you can be by the time you leave their courses.
Conclusion
In conclusion, both the 7.62 and 5.56 calibers have their own strengths and purposes. The choice between them depends on various factors such as personal preference, intended use, and availability of ammunition. The 7.62 caliber is known for its power and long-range capabilities, making it suitable for certain situations like hunting or long-distance shooting. On the other hand, the 5.56 caliber offers better maneuverability, less recoil, and higher magazine capacity, making it a popular choice for military and law enforcement applications.
Ultimately, it's important to consider your specific needs and requirements when deciding between these two calibers. Remember to prioritize safety and proper training regardless of the caliber you choose.
Check out Core Vision Training’s shop, Instagram, and other blogs!